Saturday, May 5, 2012

References, Synopsis

REFERENCES

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APPENDIX:  SYNOPSIS OF KING LEAR

 In the title story, Lear, more than 80 years old, decides to divide his kingdom among his three daughters. Each must say how much they love him; the one who loves him most will get the most. The older two, Goneril and Regan, sing his praises, but the youngest, Cordelia, just makes surly comments; Lear gives her nothing. The Earl of Kent objects to Lear’s decision and is banished. Lear informs Cordelia’s suitors that she has no dowry, also casting aspersions on her character. The King of France marries her anyway, and she leaves for France.

In return for Lear’s lands, the two older daughters are to support him and a retinue of 100 knights. Goneril has them first, but soon has had enough. She says that riotous, lustful knights abuse her staff; Lear must remove the unruly half of them. Lear angrily disagrees and goes to Regan’s. Regan does not want the knights either; the two sisters meet and decide that they will permit no followers at all. Lear angrily says he will sleep out on the heath. The sisters order the doors shut against him, and Lear continues ranting, while a storm rages. The banished Kent, who has been accompanying Lear in disguise, finds shelter for Lear and his Fool. Meanwhile the two sisters learn that the youngest, Cordelia, is coming from France with an army to restore Lear’s throne. They consider killing Lear as a way of defeating this plan. Lear’s old friend Gloucester overhears and sends Lear to Dover to join Cordelia, where father and daughter are reconciled. But Cordelia’s army is defeated; she and Lear go to prison, where the captain has orders to kill them. Cordelia is hanged, but Lear kills the assassin and carries the dying Cordelia to the English camp. There Cordelia never regains consciousness, and Lear dies of the strain and his grief.
  
The second story involves Lear’s friend the Earl of Gloucester and his two sons. The younger son, Edmund, is illegitimate; he finds it unjust that he cannot inherit. Edmund forges a letter, allegedly from his older brother Edgar, which Edmund shows to their father; it proposes that the two of them kill their father and split his estate now. The father tries to apprehend Edgar. On the advice of his brother, the unwitting Edgar flees; then he takes the disguise of a homeless mentally ill person. On the heath he meets Lear and his group and they share a hut. Meanwhile, Edmund shows the older Lear sisters a letter his father got about Cordelia’s coming with a French army. The sisters decide that Gloucester has been plotting with the French and is a traitor. Regan’s husband puts out Gloucester’s eyes and sends him into the storm. Gloucester at least knows now that Edmund has been the evil son. Edgar, the older one, meets his father on the heath but keeps his disguise. Edgar dissuades his father from suicide. They meet Lear, who appears insane. Edgar fights and kills his brother, who besides plotting to become Earl of Gloucester wanted to become king by marrying one or other of the sisters. Out of jealousy, Goneril poisons Regan, planning to kill her own husband later. Her ambitions exposed, she kills herself. At the end, only Edgar, Kent, and Goneril’s husband, the Earl of Albany, are left alive. Edgar will probably be king, but he shows no enthusiasm for the future.

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